Hlau Chev

Nws tsis yog qhov yuam kev uas hais tias hlau yog ib lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb. Cov hlau uas nrov tshaj plaws no yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom tsim, tsim, thauj, thiab siv cov khoom siv hauv cov khoom siv niaj hnub no.
Hlau yog siv nyob rau hauv ntau hom rau suav tsis txheeb lub hom phiaj xws li kev lag luam mus rau kev ua liaj ua teb, domestic mus rau hauv nroog, thiab infrastructural rau cov khoom-raws li.
Raws li cov lus ceeb toom, kev tsim cov hlau thoob ntiaj teb tau nce ntau dua kaum npaug hauv 70 xyoo dhau los thiab tau npaj kom ncav cuag qib astronomical yav tom ntej.
Qhov no tshwm sim los ntawm cov pej xeem boom, globalization, burgeoning infrastructural txoj kev loj hlob, escalated zus tau tej cov, diversified mov saw, thiab ntawm chav kawm, puas-nce xav tau los ntawm tag nrho cov sectors. Hlau thiab ntau yam khoom siv hlau yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam kev loj hlob ntawm txhua lub teb chaws.
Kev thauj mus los ntawm Raw Steel
Tom qab rho tawm cov hlau kub los ntawm cov cua kub hauv cov cua sov, cov hlau yog txias-hardened thiab ua tiav ntxiv los txhim kho lub zog, zoo thiab lwm yam khoom siv sab hauv.
Tom qab ntawd, nws yog zoo li tus los yog molded rau hauv slabs, ingots, nplooj ntawv, billets, thiab lwm yam, rau kev siv ntxiv. Cov txheej txheem no tseem hu ua cov hlau casting.
Cov txheej txheem ua cov hlau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no yog tom qab ntawd nqa mus rau lub tshuab steel lossis lwm qhov chaw tsim khoom. Tom qab ntawd nws yog tsim los rau hauv kev lag luam txheem daim hlau, tuav, rods, beams, profiles, raws, kav thiab lwm yam.
Tom qab cov theem pib ntawm steel ntau lawm, muaj ob hom kev dov txheej txheem nyob rau hauv ib tug steel dov zeb. Lub hardened steel nyob rau hauv raw los yog semi-processed daim ntawv yog ces cam khwb cia rau hauv ntau hom:

Kub Rolling
Txias Rolling
Nyob rau hauv kub dov, cov hlau yog rhuab mus rau high kub (txog liab kub) thiab dov. Nyob rau hauv txias dov, cov hlau yog txias tawm sai heev thiab kho nyob rau hauv qis kub los txhim kho nto thiab txhua yam khoom.
Tom qab txias dov, steel yog npaj rau kev siv los ntawm cov khoom siv pom. Tom qab ua ib feem ntawm cov hlau loj tom qab kub dov lossis ua tiav cov hlau tom qab txias dov, cov hlau feem ntau raug mob thiab dov mus rau hauv cov coils loj kom yooj yim thauj thiab khaws cia.
Lub coil ntawm cov hlau uas muaj cov kub-dov los yog ib nrab-ua tiav steel kauj yog hu ua cov hlau kub-dov, thiab qhov no yuav tsum tau kho ntxiv thiab txias-dov rau kev siv. Kub dov steel coils feem ntau dov tom qab annealing. Ib yam li ntawd, ib lub kauj ntawm cov hlau ua los ntawm txias-hardened thiab dov los yog ua tiav steel yog hu ua txias-dov coil.
Ib zaug ntxiv, lawv muaj qhov zoo tshaj plaws thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab npaj siv hauv kev ua lag luam tom qab tsim kev tsim kho rau ntau yam khoom raws li qhov xav tau. Cov hlau coils no tuaj yeem raug kho dua tshiab thiab tuaj yeem ua tiav ntxiv lossis txias dov (rau cov coils kub dov) los yog tsim rau hauv cov khoom sib txawv lossis cov khoom sib txawv (rau cov hlau coils txias).
Feem ntau ntawm cov hlau no yog nqa hauv cov nkoj thauj khoom raws li cov hlau coils kom yooj yim. Kev thauj mus los ntawm cov hlau no ua rau ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam freight hauv kev lag luam saw hlau.
Peb kuj paub txog cov cylindrical coils loj no tau ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom thauj khoom thauj thiab thauj mus los ntawm txoj kev hauv av ntawm cov tsheb thauj khoom thiab cov tsheb thauj khoom.
Tab sis cov kev cai tshwj xeeb thiab cov lus qhia tau ua raws li cov khoom tsim nyog thiab kev thauj mus los ntawm cov coils hauv cov khoom loj yog nqa tawm hauv nkoj.

Loading Steel Coils On Ships
Cov hlau coils no feem ntau yog xa mus rau hauv ntau thiab stowed raws li lub nkoj cov khoom thauj khoom. Cov hlau kauj no hnyav ib ncig 40-50 tons. Yog li, ua ntej loading, nws yuav tsum tau paub tseeb tias:
Cov tuav yog swept, ntxuav nrog dej tshiab thiab qhuav kom huv si. Tag nrho cov seem seem, xws li xeb, khib nyiab, flakes, thiab lwm yam kab mob, yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov roj uas tseem tshuav yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ntawm qhov tuav ua ntej thauj khoom. Raws li txoj cai, "daim ntawv pov thawj tu" yuav tsum tau txais los ntawm cov neeg muab kev pabcuam thib peb tom qab cov khoom thauj khoom tu.
Kev tshawb fawb ua ntej ntawm cov hlau coils yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Kev ntsuas kev ncaj ncees thiab dej nruj ntawm cov khoom thauj khoom, kev ncaj ncees ntawm lub kaus mom thiab qhov qhib, thiab qhov cua thiab lub tshuab thauj khoom cranage.
Kev tshuaj xyuas tag nrho ntawm cov khoom thauj thiab ua tib zoo kos cov npoo ntse lossis cov ntsiab lus.
Kev txheeb xyuas qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev thauj khoom thiab kev ruaj ntseg phau ntawv nrog rau kev npaj thauj khoom tsim nyog. Txawm li cas los xij, rau txhua lub hom phiaj siv tau, raws li cov cai ntawm SOLAS VI, kev ruaj ntseg phau ntawv yuav tsum muaj nyob rau txhua yam ntawm cov khoom thauj, steel coils tsis tshwj xeeb nyob rau hauv ib daim ntawv ntawm lub moj khaum meej. Yog li, nws yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm tus neeg teb xov tooj thiab cov neeg saib xyuas kev thauj khoom los xyuas kom meej tias lawv tau stowed yam xyuam xim, ruaj ntseg, thiab txaus, thiab optimizing qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm qhov chaw muaj.

Loading thiab Unloading txheej txheem
Cov txheej txheem thauj khoom yog ua tiav zoo nrog kev pab ntawm cranes thiab derricks, ob qho tib si on-board thiab cov uas tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub cargo terminals los yog ports. Cov coils feem ntau yog nqa los ntawm lawv qhov chaw geometric, qhov chaw ncua kev kawm feem ntau yog braided steel hlau wraps lossis slings. Tying chains raug zam los tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlau nto.
Kev saib xyuas siab tshaj plaws yog coj los xyuas kom meej tias cov coils nyob twj ywm tsis raug mob thiab tsis raug mob ntawm lawv qhov chaw (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txias-dov thiab tiav lawm). Thaum cov coils raug siv los ntawm kev siv forklifts, puag ncig lossis ncig lifting seem tines yog siv raws li cov qauv duab plaub uas muaj cov npoo ntse, uas tuaj yeem ua mob rau cov hlau los yog cuam tshuam lub coil center.
Coils yeej ib txwm muab tso rau xws li tias lawv yog axially oriented nrog longitudinal kev taw qhia ntawm lub nkoj; uas yog, lawv ncig centroid ib txwm ntsib lub fore-after kev taw qhia ntawm lub nkoj.
Lawv tau mus tas li wedged nyob rau hauv qab nyob rau hauv ib tug transverse kev taw qhia los tiv thaiv dov motions thiab puas. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlau saum npoo thiab xyuas kom muaj kev sib txhuam txaus los tiv thaiv cov coils los ntawm dov, lawv feem ntau yog muab tso rau ntawm cov ntoo planks teem rau hauv txoj kev hloov pauv, hu ua dunnages.
Lawv feem ntau yog li ntawm 25-30 hli tuab thiab ua raws li cov txheej txheem nruab nrab ntawm cov coils thiab lub nkoj plating. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem nqus tau qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom thauj khoom los ntawm cov coils ua ntej lawv tau muab faib ua ib feem ntawm lub nkoj cov qauv.
Cov dunnages no tau ua tib zoo ziab ua ntej kom ntseeg tau tias txhua hom dej noo uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ua rau xeb thiab xeb rau cov hlau coils tsis tuaj. Kev ruaj ntseg wedges, nyob rau hauv lem, yog ntxiv pinned kom paub tseeb tias ib qho kev taw qhia nyob rau hauv lub coils thaum lub sij hawm voyage raug ntes, thiab cov resultant dynamic loading yog pauv mus rau lub nkoj lub qauv.
Rau txhua lub hom phiaj siv tau, cov khoom thauj khoom ib txwm muab tso rau hauv cov khoom thauj khoom thiab tsis txhob nyob ntawm lub lawj lossis lwm qhov chaw saum lub lawj lub zog. Kev thauj khoom yog ua tiav raws li kom ntseeg tau tias qhov chaw siv tau zoo tab sis tsis txawv txav lossis tsis sib xws ntawm cov coils.

Kev ruaj ntseg thiab ruaj ntseg
Tom qab thauj cov steel coils, stowage thiab ruaj ntseg yog lwm yam tseem ceeb. Steel coils txawv ntawm qhov loj thiab qhov hnyav. Yog li, los ntawm thawj lub hauv paus ntsiab lus, lawv lub tswv yim stowage yog tib yam li lwm yam khoom thauj. Lawv yog stowed nyob rau hauv qis tuav thiab loaded los ntawm lub hauv qab mus rau sab saum toj rau ib tug tseem ceeb tus naj npawb ntawm xws li roj.
Txhawm rau kom qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub ntiajteb txawj nqus hauv qab qhov ua tau txwv ntawm txoj haujlwm ntsug, cov coils hnyav dua yog thauj khoom ua ntej thiab khaws cia rau hauv qab cov cheeb tsam thiab cov sib dua lossis me dua rau saum. Cov coils yog hlua los yog banded rau ib leeg siv kev ruaj ntseg zoo.
Lawv nyob rau hauv athwartships thiab nyob rau hauv ntau tiers los yog theem rau ib tug ntau dua coils. Nyob nruab nrab ntawm ob txheej ua tiav, cov coils raug khi rau ib leeg. Rau ntau kab ntawm cov coils stowed, muaj qhov tsawg kawg nkaus tshem tawm ntawm 4 mus rau 6 ntiv tes ntawm ob kab kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib cuag nrog cov tub rog thiab kev puas tsuaj thaum thauj thiab tshem tawm cov txheej txheem.
Lub hauv paus kauj, tseem hu ua lub kauj tseem ceeb, yog xaiv nyob rau hauv ib qho chaw nruab nrab ob qho tib si nyob rau hauv kab rov tav thiab ntsug, nrog steel strappings qhia rau ob qho tib si nyob ib sab thiab cov hlau coils nyob hauv qab no.
Cov hlua khi yog cov hlau tawv tawv, yog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej taut, thiab feem ntau pneumatic hauv kev npaj niaj hnub. Txhua qhov tseem ceeb coil so ntawm ib txheej hauv qab ntawm coils yog lashed thiab positioned.
Cov ntug hauv qab ntawm txoj kab uas hla yog nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub hauv qab coil los ntawm tsawg kawg yog ib feem peb ntawm lub geometric txoj kab uas hla ntawm tom kawg; Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 60% ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm sab saum toj lossis cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb.